Color vision is crucial for pilots, as it plays a significant role in interpreting instrument readings, navigating airspace, and ensuring overall flight safety. However, some pilots face challenges passing standard color vision tests due to color vision deficiency (CVD). The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has specific policies and alternative pathways to ensure these individuals can still pursue their passion for flying despite having some degree of CVD.
The big takeaway is that the FAA requires airmen to pass ONLY ONE of the many FAA-approved color vision standard tests. If they fail all of these tests, they will have a limitation placed on their certificate that could present significant barriers to a career in aviation.
The FAA requires all pilots to have adequate color vision to safely perform flight duties. 14 CFR Part 67 states pilots must have the “ability to perceive those colors necessary for the safe performance of airman duties.” This requirement ensures that pilots can accurately read cockpit instruments, distinguish between navigation lights, and identify color-coded airport signals.
The FAA allows several standard tests to assess a pilot's color vision. These can be found in the AME guide under Examination Techniques Item 52 (for ATCS see HERE).
If a pilot fails ALL of the standard color vision tests, the FAA provides alternative pathways to demonstrate their ability to safely operate an aircraft.
Ultimately, if they are unable to pass any of the above standard tests, the AME can still issue them a certificate (assuming they meet all other medical standards) with the limitation "Not valid for night flying or by color signal controls."
If an airman wants to get this limitation removed, they will have to work with the FAA directly to undergo some additional specialized in-flight evaluations. See below flow chart from the AME Guide.
The OCVT is a practical, in-flight test that evaluates a pilot's ability to perform tasks requiring color vision under real-world conditions. It includes:
The MFT is another in-flight evaluation conducted by an FAA aviation safety inspector or designated examiner. It assesses a pilot's ability to safely operate an aircraft despite their color vision deficiency. The test includes:
While color vision deficiency presents challenges, the FAA offers structured pathways for aspiring pilots to demonstrate their capabilities. By understanding these policies and preparing for alternative evaluations, pilots with color vision issues can still achieve their dreams of flying.
For further information, visit the FAA's official Color Vision Standards page.
Feel free to reach out with any questions or share your experiences in the comments below.
Safe flying!